博客
关于我
强烈建议你试试无所不能的chatGPT,快点击我
CodeForces - 732F Tourist Reform
阅读量:5115 次
发布时间:2019-06-13

本文共 3554 字,大约阅读时间需要 11 分钟。

Discription

Berland is a tourist country! At least, it can become such — the government of Berland is confident about this.

There are n cities in Berland, some pairs of which are connected by two-ways roads. Each road connects two different cities. In Berland there are no roads which connect the same pair of cities. It is possible to get from any city to any other city using given two-ways roads.

According to the reform each road will become one-way. It will be oriented to one of two directions.

To maximize the tourist attraction of Berland, after the reform for each city i the value ri will be calculated. It will equal to the number of cities x for which there is an oriented path from the city i to the city x. In other words, ri will equal the number of cities which can be reached from the city i by roads.

The government is sure that tourist's attention will be focused on the minimum value of ri.

Help the government of Berland make the reform to maximize the minimum of ri.

Input

The first line contains two integers n, m (2 ≤ n ≤ 400 000, 1 ≤ m ≤ 400 000) — the number of cities and the number of roads.

The next m lines describe roads in Berland: the j-th of them contains two integers uj and vj (1 ≤ uj, vj ≤ nuj ≠ vj), where uj and vj are the numbers of cities which are connected by the j-th road.

The cities are numbered from 1 to n. It is guaranteed that it is possible to get from any city to any other by following two-ways roads. In Berland there are no roads which connect the same pair of cities.

Output

In the first line print single integer — the maximum possible value min1 ≤ i ≤ n{

ri}after the orientation of roads.

The next m lines must contain the description of roads after the orientation: the j-th of them must contain two integers uj, vj, it means that the j-th road will be directed from the city uj to the city vj. Print roads in the same order as they are given in the input data.

Example

Input
7 9 4 3 2 6 7 1 4 1 7 3 3 5 7 4 6 5 2 5
Output
4 4 3 6 2 7 1 1 4 3 7 5 3 7 4 5 6 2 5     首先可以发现,把每个双联通分量内部的边定向之后使得这个联通分量变成强联通肯定是最优的,那么就只剩下桥了hhhh     现在图已经可以缩成一个无根树了,显然把边定向之后,至少会有一个点没有出度,并且最少的肯定是没有出度的点之一,所以我们就强行把强联通分量里点最多的联通分量作为根,把树边(也就是桥)的朝向定为从儿子到爸爸,这样就行了。     也就是我们可以直接从最大的联通分量的一个点开始随便dfs,不是桥的话最后边的朝向就是dfs时候的朝向,否则反之。
#include
#define ll long longusing namespace std;const int maxn=400005;int to[maxn*2],ne[maxn*2],hd[maxn],K,TT;int n,m,dfn[maxn],low[maxn],dc,linenum=1,pos,an;bool ban[maxn*2],ans[maxn*2],col[maxn];inline int read(){ int x=0; char ch=getchar(); for(;!isdigit(ch);ch=getchar()); for(;isdigit(ch);ch=getchar()) x=x*10+ch-'0'; return x;}inline void add(int x,int y){ to[++linenum]=y,ne[linenum]=hd[x],hd[x]=linenum;}void dfs(int x,int fa){ dfn[x]=low[x]=++dc; for(int i=hd[x];i;i=ne[i]) if(to[i]!=fa) if(!dfn[to[i]]){ dfs(to[i],x),low[x]=min(low[x],low[to[i]]); if(low[to[i]]>dfn[x]) ban[i]=ban[i^1]=1; } else low[x]=min(low[x],dfn[to[i]]);}void Search(int x){ TT++,col[x]=1; for(int i=hd[x];i;i=ne[i]) if(!col[to[i]]&&!ban[i]) Search(to[i]);}void TOR(int x){ col[x]=1; for(int i=hd[x];i;i=ne[i]) if(!ans[i^1]){ ans[i]=1; if(!col[to[i]]) TOR(to[i]); }}int main(){ n=read(),m=read(); int uu,vv; for(int i=1;i<=m;i++){ uu=read(),vv=read(); add(vv,uu),add(uu,vv); } dfs(1,-1); for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) if(!col[i]){ TT=0,Search(i); if(TT>an) an=TT,pos=i; } memset(col,0,sizeof(col)); TOR(pos); printf("%d\n",an); for(int i=2;i<=linenum;i++) if(ans[i]) printf("%d %d\n",to[i^1^ban[i]],to[i^ban[i]]); return 0;}

  

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/JYYHH/p/8916493.html

你可能感兴趣的文章
上传文件
查看>>
12.2日常
查看>>
12.3日常
查看>>
追求心灵的宁静
查看>>
Educational Codeforces Round 25 G. Tree Queries
查看>>
LintCode-73.前序遍历和中序遍历树构造二叉树
查看>>
JS-面向对象-继承
查看>>
JavaScript(3)——Object-Oriented Design
查看>>
92. Reverse Linked List II
查看>>
vs2008 MFC类继承结构
查看>>
windows版mysql添加远程访问
查看>>
hdoj3652 B-number
查看>>
16-基础-过滤器-传参数和串联使用
查看>>
两种排序方法(直接判断)
查看>>
学习进度第十四周
查看>>
这20个正则表达式,让你少写1,000行代码
查看>>
文本两端对齐
查看>>
文本信息检索(维基百科)
查看>>
jQ试题的总结
查看>>
各类书籍汇总
查看>>